George Simons | January 07, 2026
Edited by Hannah Locklear
Hannah Locklear is SoloSuit’s Marketing and Impact Manager. With an educational background in Linguistics, Spanish, and International Development from Brigham Young University, Hannah has also worked as a legal support specialist for several years.

Summary: You have 21 days to respond to a debt collection lawsuit in Vermont civil courts, but keep in mind there are some exceptions to this rule. There is no fee to file your Answer, and you can use SoloSuit to draft one up in just 15 minutes.
Despite the relatively low unemployment rate and below-average debt levels for residents of Vermont, it may be unavoidable to encounter financial difficulties during an economic downturn, including unpaid bills and ever-increasing credit card balances.
When you fail to pay what you owe to your creditors on time, they will likely hound you with repeated phone calls, letters, emails, etc. A creditor may even sell your debt to a debt collection agency, which will pursue repayment even more aggressively. If the debt continues to be unpaid, a debt collection lawsuit will likely be filed against you.
In this article, we will break down everything you need to know about how to respond to a debt collection lawsuit in Vermont, including deadlines, fees, forms, and more.
Stop debt collectors from harassing you by filing a response with SoloSuit.
Sued for debt in Vermont? SoloSuit can help you file an Answer into your case before the 21-day deadline.
Start my Answer.In general, you have 21 days to respond to a debt lawsuit in Vermont. If you do not respond to the lawsuit before the deadline, the court will make a default judgment against you.
A default judgment means the court will decide the case in favor of the debt collector in your absence. At this point, the debtor can exercise various rights to satisfy the court's judgment. They may take extreme measures, such as wage garnishment, levying your bank account, or a judgment lien.
More specifically, Vermont Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 12(a)(1) states:
"(1) A defendant shall serve an answer
A) within 21 days after being served with the summons and complaint, unless the court directs otherwise when service of process is made pursuant to an order of court under Rule 4(d) or 4(g), and provided that a defendant served pursuant to Rule 4(e), 4(f), or 4(k) outside the continental United States or Canada may serve an answer at any time within 49 days after such service; or
(B) if service of the summons has been timely waived on request under Rule 4 (l ), within 60 days after the date when the request for waiver was sent, or within 90 days if the defendant was addressed outside any state or territory of the United States.”
In other words, you have 21 days to respond to your Vermont debt collection case unless you were served outside the continental US or Canada, in which case you have 49 days. If you submit a request for waiver of service, you have 60 days to respond. If you were served outside of the US, you have 90 days.
Keep in mind that the deadline is different for Vermont small claims court, where you have 30 days to respond to the Complaint. Learn more about how respond to a Vermont small claims case, as the process is slightly different.
An Answer is an explanation, defense, or denial of the claims made against you in a debt collection case. Therefore, you must read and understand the Summons and Complaint to prepare your Answer document correctly.
You can use SoloSuit's Answer form to respond to the lawsuit in minutes. All you have to do is respond to some questions about your case, and SoloSuit's software takes care of the rest. Our Answer form is professional, uses legal language, and includes a section for your responses and affirmative defenses.
Here's a sample of the SoloSuit Answer form, so you have an idea of what it looks like:
If you prefer to create your own response, you can also use Vermont's statewide Answer form here: 100-00051.
Great news! There is no fee to file an Answer in Vermont.
That being said, there is a fee if you want to file an appeal, cross-claim, or third party claim. The filing fee for these documents is $120. For other documents, check Vermont's fee schedule.
When you get sued for a debt in Vermont, you should receive a court Summons and Complaint. These are the legal documents that initiate a debt collection lawsuit. The Summons notifies you of the case, while the Complaint lists the specific claims against you.
The plaintiff (the person/company suing) must serve the Summons and Complaint on the defendant (the person/company being sued). The most important thing to do when you are sued for debt is file a written Answer to the Summons and Complaint.
Follow these three steps to respond to a debt collection lawsuit in Vermont:
Now, let's take a minute to break each of these steps down in detail. Don't like reading? Check out this video instead:
The first step is to Answer each claim listed in the Complaint document. Vermont Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 8(b) states:
“Defenses; Form of Denials. A party shall state in short and plain terms the party's defenses to each claim asserted and shall admit or deny the averments upon which the adverse party relies. If a party is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of an averment, the party shall so state and this has the effect of a denial.”
In other words, you can answer each claim with one of these responses:
Most lawyers recommend that you deny as many claims as possible, also known as a general denial. This gives you a stronger case because it forces the plaintiff to prove all their claims. If they can't, they might dismiss the case altogether.
If you do not have the records or documents to prove or deny the statement made by the plaintiff in the Complaint, you should answer, 'I don't know.'
An affirmative defense is the kind of evidence you present to the court to stop the plaintiff from winning the case. It is crucial to carefully consider the affirmative defense you submit to the court because you'll need to prove its validity.
While many defenses are legally viable for not paying a debt, the inability to pay the debt is not an affirmative defense. Such a defense won't help you win the case against the plaintiff.
According to Vermont Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 8(c) states:
“Affirmative Defenses. In pleading to a preceding pleading, a party shall affirmatively set forth and establish accord and satisfaction, arbitration and award, assumption of risk, contributory negligence, duress, estoppel, failure of consideration, fraud, illegality, injury by fellow servant, laches, license, payment, release, res judicata, statute of frauds, statute of limitations, waiver, and any other matter constituting an avoidance or affirmative defense. When a party has mistakenly designated a defense as a counterclaim or a counterclaim as a defense, the court on terms, if justice so requires, shall treat the pleading as if there had been a proper designation.”
This is just a fancy way of saying that you must include your affirmative defenses in your initial Answer to the lawsuit. As you can see, there are several affirmative defenses you can include in your Answer. You're probably wondering what most of these mean. We've got you covered.
Some of the most common affirmative defenses you can use in a debt collection case include:
Make the right affirmative defense the right way with SoloSuit.
It is important to note that Vermont does not require licensing for debt collection agencies. Lack of licensure is therefore not an affirmative defense you can raise in a debt lawsuit in Vermont. Even though it's not a requirement, debt collection agencies may still need a certificate of authority which requires a filing fee of $125.
That said, debt collection agencies must still comply with federal law and Vermont debt collection laws.
The last step is to file your Answer to the plaintiff and the court before the deadline passes. You should send a copy of the Answer to the plaintiff or attorney representing them and keep another for your records. Remember that the deadline for regular civil claims is 21 days (see below for small claims court deadlines).
The attorney's address should be listed on the Summons and Complaint. The court address, however, might not be as easy to find. Luckily, SoloSuit does all the research required for filing for you.
SoloSuit can file your Answer for you in all 50 states.
When a creditor sues you in Vermont, your case may end up in a regular Civil Division or Small Claims Court. If you owe the creditor less than $ 5,000, your case will be heard in the Small Claims Court. Any amount higher than that belongs in the Civil Division. Apart from the difference in amount, if your case is in the Small Claims division, you will use a court-provided Answer form, and the filing deadline differs from that of the Civil Division.
Having your case heard in the Small Claims Court simplifies your case process and also enables you to save money you may have used in the other courts. Small claims cases take a shorter time to be scheduled and heard. You do not need an attorney to represent you, and a jury trial is not permitted. So, without further ado, here’s how to Answer a debt lawsuit in Vermont Small Claims Court.
Once you receive a lawsuit letter from a Small Claims Court in Vermont, you become the defendant and must respond within 30 days. Responding to the lawsuit will determine whether you have a fighting chance by preserving your status in the case. Unique to Vermont, you will receive a small claims Answer form within the lawsuit. This is the form you will use to respond to the creditor's allegations against you and also state your affirmative defenses. If you do not find one, use this link to complete a valid small claims Answer form. The following are the steps to take to respond using this form:
The court allows you to add more information to the Answer by attaching an additional sheet if your responses do not fit the form provided. Use SoloSuit’s Answer template as a guide to add more information to increase your chances of getting a favorable outcome.
Each state has a unique set of laws that govern the timeline debt collectors can sue for a debt. The table below shows Vermont's statute of limitations on debt, which varies by debt type:
| Debt Type | Deadline |
|---|---|
| Oral contract | 6 years |
| Credit Card | 8 years |
| Medical | 8 years |
| Auto Loan | 8 years |
| Student loan | 8 years |
| Personal loan | 8 years |
| Judgment | 8 years |
| Mortgage | 14 years |
| Source: Vt. Stat. tit. 12 § 506, § 507, § 508 |
As outlined in the table above, the Vermont status of limitations on debt is eight years for debt related to credit cards, medical, student loans, auto loans, and other types of personal loans. For debt related to mortgages, the sattute of limitations on debt in Vermont is 14 years.
Also, keep in mind that processing any payment for a time-barred debt will restart the debt's Statute of Limitations. It is therefore critical to check your debt's Statute of Limitations before initiating any repayment programs.
Vermont has state laws and additional federal debt collection protections that ensure that debt collectors maintain proper debt collection practices. The Justice Department can prosecute individuals found flouting the rules.
Even though you do not need to pay for a debt whose Statute of Limitations has already expired, if you receive a summons for such a debt, it is best not to ignore it.
You can always file your Answer with SoloSuit, which is faster and easier than the traditional options. After submitting your Answer via SoloSuit, one of their customer protection attorneys will review the entire document, send a copy to the court, and another to the complainant.
Example: Barbara, who is from Vermont, stopped making payments on her credit card account about eight years ago. Recently, she was contacted by a debt collector about the debt. She found out that the credit card company had sold her debt account to the collection agency who was now trying to get her to pay off her $750 debt. The debt collectors kept contacting Barbara, and eventually they filed a lawsuit. After doing some research online, Barbara found out that Vermont's statute of limitations on credit card debt was six years and had already passed. Barabara used SoloSuit to draft an Answer to the lawsuit where she added expired statute of limitations as one of her affirmative defenses. A few weeks later, she found out the debt collection agency dismissed the case.
Respond with SoloSuit fast and beat debt collectors in court.
Debt collectors can take advantage of the upper hand they have because of their big size as an agency and the fact that you owe them money. However, Vermont protects its consumers using the Vermont Consumer Protection Rule and the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act. Let’s look at examples of Vermont state laws and how they protect you:
It is your legal right to report a debt collector who violates these debt collection laws. Organizations like the Fair Trade Commission, Better Business B,ureau and Consumer Financial Protection Bureau often take action against unscrupulous debt collectors and creditors.
Debt settlement helps thousands of debtors get out of debt in Vermont. It gives hope to desperate consumers who feel helpless because they do not have the full amount to pay off debt. In many cases, a creditor agrees to take less than a consumer owes because they may not get the money at all or want to close that account. The following are the three steps to take when you want to settle a debt collection lawsuit:
SoloSuit can help you approach the creditor via our SoloSettle tool. The SoloSettle software enables you to send and receive settlement offers through the app, finalize a debt settlement agreement, and transfer your payment through the SoloSettle app to protect your financial information.
To learn more about how to settle debt in Vermont, we interviewed an attorney for tips and tricks on debt settlement negotiation. Watch the interview below:
Vermont understands the needs of its citizens to access their court records and check the status of a Vermont court case, and that's why they have three options available to find your case records. You can search for it online, visit the courthouse, and ask the court clerk for assistance, or send a letter with a money order for the clerk to send back copies of the case files.
Before you get to this point, you must understand Vermont’s court structure and where your case belongs. Unlike most states, which have three court levels and above, Vermont has only two:
Even though Vermont has only two court levels, the Superior Court has various divisions that enable the judicial system to manage all the court cases. For example, there is a division for civil procedure, criminal justice, family separation, probate, and environmental cases. Your case is likely in the Superior Court under the civil procedure division.
The court clerk assigns case numbers in Vermont. The number starts with the initial CV, and the last digit is the year it was filed. The middle number represents the next chronological number presented in that court. To find your court number, call the court clerk or visit the courthouse and give them your full name and the creditor's name or the date the case was filed. Having your case number is the easiest way to access your court number, as it's unique to your case.
A quick way to access your court records is online via the Vermont Judiciary Public Portal. Once on the page, you can search your records using your case number or the party’s name. You also have an advanced search option to enter more information and narrow your search.
Another option for accessing your court case files is visiting the courthouse. Find your court’s location on this link and note down the address. In the courthouse, you will find public terminals that allow you to look up your case. You'll pay the clerk a small fee if you need copies. She can also assist you in finding the records if you have challenges with the public terminal.
You can ask your questions on the SoloSuit forum and the community will help you out. Whether you need help now or are just looking for support, we're here for you.
Ask a Question.Finding a Vermont debt relief program or strategy that works will help you manage your debts effectively and become debt-free. The programs available in Vermont assist struggling consumers in meeting their basic needs and may result in some spare money to pay off debt. Examples of these programs include:
If you do not qualify in the low-income bracket, you can use various debt relief strategies available in Vermont to steadily pay your debts. The following are the options you can explore:
SoloSuit can help you settle your debts for less than you owe using SoloSettle. This tool lets you approach the creditor with a customizable settlement letter. You will interact with the creditor within the app under the watchful eye of a debt specialist. Learn more in the following video.
When considering debt relief programs and legal aid organizations, you need to carry out thorough research before signing up for any service or plan. While many reputable organizations will genuinely assist you, some deliberately scam and deceive their customers.
Here are a few legit legal aid organizations available in Vermont:
Often, being sued over debt can cause stress, panic, and in extreme cases, depression. Understanding the unique laws and resources available to you can help you navigate most debt situations successfully. While summons and complaints from the debt collector can be scary, you should never forget that there are consumer protection laws in place to protect you from exploitative debt collectors.
Contacting an attorney or filing a response via SoloSuit can help ease the pressure from debt collectors. Ensure that you follow all steps required to answer the plaintiff's Summons and Complaint and file your Answer within the stipulated timeline.
Understanding your options and taking advantage of all the available resources will help you make wise decisions while keeping debt collectors at bay.
If you've only received a collections notice, but not a lawsuit, the best way to respond is with a Debt Validation Letter. When a debt collector contacts you in any way, whether it's by phone or mail, you can respond by formally requesting a debt validation with a Debt Validation Letter . This letter notifies the collector that you dispute the debt and forces them to provide proof you owe the debt. They can't call you or continue collecting until they provide validation of the debt. This flowchart shows how you can use a Debt Validation Letter to win.
Get started with a Debt Validation Letter here.
To learn more about how a Debt Validation Letter can help you, check out this video:
Wage garnishment occurs when a creditor receives permission from the courts to take a portion of a consumer's wages to pay off an outstanding debt. The creditor uses this as a last resort when a consumer fails to restart payments after being contacted about the pending debt. Fortunately, the garnishment laws protect your income from being cut to an extent you cannot meet your other needs.
For example, Vermont garnishment law (12 V.S.A. § 3166–3172) states that creditors should not take more than 25% of your disposable income or should only begin garnishment if your income is above thirty times the federal minimum wage ($7.25/hr). A debt collector must also send a notice of requirement before making the cut. Knowing these garnishment laws will help you fight a garnishment order and stop wage garnishment in Vermont using the following methods:
If these options are not feasible in your situation, you can file for bankruptcy. Research and choose either Chapter 7 or 13, depending on your financial situation.
Use SoloSettle to resolve your debt before your wages are garnished.

>>Read the NPR story on SoloSuit. (We can help you in all 50 states.)

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