Legal Aid in the US Ultimate Guide (2022)

Edited by Hannah Locklear

At any time, you may need legal aid. A divorce, death, child protective services (CPS) investigation, lawsuit, or even a landlord-tenant conflict can leave you feeling lost, stressed out, and unsure of what to do. But legal aid allows you to get help from an attorney for your legal problem.

There are over 750 separate and independent civil legal aid providers in the United States. These providers are primarily staff-based and funded by many sources. A total of over 900 pro bono programs and hundreds of law firm pro bono programs supplement this system.

Legal aid may be your best option if you cannot afford a lawyer, and it is available throughout the United States. Some legal aid offices specialize in helping people with low incomes, while others have a more flexible income policy, such as a sliding scale for fees based on income. You can also find self-help resources at most legal aid offices. Let's explore this further below.

What is legal aid?

A legal aid program provides free legal services to low- and middle-income American citizens who need help with legal issues. As a free service, it protects those without the means to defend their rights in the justice system, including the detained, arrested, suspects, accused, and charged persons.

Most legal aid cases involve:

• Domestic violence: A protective order, a child custody order, and a divorce are all possible with legal aid when your partner abuses you.
• Family law: Legal aid may help you with child custody or divorce matters. Contact your local legal aid office or ask the Judge to appoint one for legal aid representation in court.
• Housing law: Legal aid can help you if you are facing eviction or foreclosure.
• Public benefits: Welfare, Food Stamps, Medicaid, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), or other problems receiving benefits might be resolved through legal aid.

Other problems, such as immigration, consumer issues, and disabilities, may also be dealt with by legal aid offices. It is common for legal aid offices to focus on a single area of law, for example, housing or disability law.

How does legal aid help?

As part of the access to justice process, legal aid is crucial because it gives the poor, marginalized, and disadvantaged better access to justice. It also drives the overarching goal of the 2030 Agenda: to leave no one behind.

Legal aid helps these individuals navigate a justice system that can often seem overwhelming and complicated. It reduces stress for families and communities with:

• Detention time for suspects
• Unjust convictions
• Mismanagement of justice and bribery
• Reoffending and victimization rates

During a crisis, legal aid is essential to help people protect their rights, access essential services, and ensure that states respect international human rights norms when implementing emergency measures.

The good news is that there are agencies in all 50 states that can assist. Enter an address or city here to find an LSC-funded legal aid organization near you if you need help with a legal issue.

American legal aid providers near you

The Legal Services Corporation (LSC) is the largest funder of civil legal aid for low-income Americans. Approximately 90% of LSC's Congressional appropriation supports 134 independent nonprofit legal aid programs across the country with more than 800 offices.

LSC board members are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. They assist families living at or below 125% of federal poverty. Nationally, LSC-funded organizations provide about 25% of civil legal aid.

Other legal aid programs

But several hundred nonprofit civil legal aid programs are independently run and do not receive LSC funding. In addition to providing more generalized services, including legal aid, coordinating pro bono programs, and assisting with self-help, they may focus on populations or issues (e.g., children, homeless, disabled, veterans, and so on).

You can receive free legal aid from:

• Legal aid nonprofits
• Pro bono volunteers (attorneys, students, paralegals)
• Law schools
• Self-help centers based in courts,
• Online technologies–websites that gather legal information and assemble documents

It is important to note that many of these programs and services are not restricted to people who earn up to 125% of the federal poverty line. Some programs may have funding that allows them to serve older Americans or domestic violence victims regardless of their income level.

To maximize limited resources, LSC encourages all organizations to partner and collaborate with other public, and private funders of civil legal aid, including:

• Federal, State, And Local Governments
• Interest on Lawyer Trust Accounts (IOLTAs)
• State Access to Justice Commissions
• Private Bars
• Philanthropic Foundations

Consider your needs before looking for an attorney. A variety of legal aid programs are available, including

Legal Aid Programs

Programs	What they do
Legal Services Corporation (LSC)	If you live in a low-income area, you can find legal aid in your area.
LawHelp.org	Get legal advice and free legal aid near you. Low- and moderate-income individuals can use these services.
Law Help Interactive	Free legal forms, such as identity theft, uncontested divorce, landlord/tenant disputes, visitation rights, etc.
American Bar Association Free Legal Answers	Low-income citizens can ask lawyers questions online. Crime-related questions won't be answered.
Directory of Law School Pro Bono Programs	In many law schools, there is a formal pro bono program. Locate ones in your area.

Legal aid resources for specific groups

In non-criminal cases or "civil" cases, a free lawyer is not always available to you. The poor can receive free legal aid through pro bono programs. The elderly, disabled, domestic violence victims, military enlistees, and people in other special circumstances may get help regardless of their income.

But because of their minimal budgets and resources, community-based programs typically can only handle some cases and may turn away many applicants.

Legal Aid for Special Groups

Group	Program/Website	What they do
Military and Veterans	Stateside Legal	Veterans and military families can get free legal aid.
	Legal Help for Veterans	Veterans Affairs offers free legal clinics and other resources.
	Armed Forces Legal aid	You can find legal aid offices at nearby military installations.
People with Disabilities	National Disability Rights Network	Find legal advocacy services for people with disabilities by state.
Seniors	Eldercare Locator	Locate aging and legal services in your city and state.
	Pension Rights Center	Pension, profit-sharing, and retirement savings plan problems? Get free legal help.

Does everyone have the right to legal aid?

The Constitution guarantees free legal aid if you cannot afford a lawyer and are charged with a crime that can lead to imprisonment. Request a public defender at your first court appearance if you find yourself in this situation.

A court will typically appoint a private lawyer and pay them with county funds or a public defender program to represent someone "indigent" - with few assets and no money for an attorney. Some programs allow public defenders to charge an "application fee," but the amount is minimal.

What are the benefits of legal aid?

As part of legal aid programs, the following benefits are available:

Access to basic needs, including:

• SNAP, School Lunch Program, SCHIP, TANF, SSI, and other government benefits and disaster assistance
• Social Security Disability Income (SSDI)
• veterans
• FEMA)
• Loans for repairs, foreclosures, evictions, unsafe housing, housing assistance
• Affordable Care Act, Medicaid, Medicare

Assurance to stability and safety, like:

• Violence against women, stalking, abuse of children and elders
• Divorce, adoption, guardianship, child support, family law
• Student discipline hearings and accommodations to keep children and youth in school

Economic support to individuals, such as:

• Providing workers better pay
• Ensuring employers provide we safe working conditions
• Securing driver's licenses
• Gert mg accommodations for disabled workers
• Help in filing taxes and receiving low-income tax credits
• Enhance consumer protection from fraud and scams, predatory lending, unfair debt collection practices, and debt management

Education and self-help in the community:

• Online information and chat tools
• Workshops
• Phone helplines
• Medical/legal partnerships
• Downloadable court forms

The resources help people understand their rights and responsibilities, locate legal aid when needed, and self-represent if required.

Can I still get legal representation if I do not qualify for legal aid?

Yes. You can find a licensed private lawyer for a reduced fee by contacting your local bar association's lawyer referral service. The lawyer will meet with you for less than $50 for 30 minutes to discuss your case before hiring a lawyer to work on your case and carefully review the fee agreement.

Medical malpractice, car accidents, and workers' compensation cases often come with no fee since the lawyer won't be paid unless your case is successful. Alternatively, you can contact your local bar association to see if they offer any of the following free services:

• Project for volunteer lawyers
• A pro bono project
• Legal workshop for free
• Self-help clinics

Check out the ABA's Find Legal Help resources to find a bar association and other lawyer referral services in your area.

SoloSuit can help you represent yourself in a debt collection lawsuit

A lawyer can be expensive, and legal aid is hard to come by. It may be easier and cheaper for you to file your Answer with SoloSuit if you've been served with a lawsuit. SoloSuit makes it easy to fight debt collectors.

You can use SoloSuit to respond to a debt lawsuit, respond to debt collection letters, and even settle a debt. You can easily file an official Answer to the court using SoloSuit's easy-to-use format. SoloSuit’s software generates a court-ready, customized response to your lawsuit

It is free to use the basic service, but you can have the Answer mailed to the court and the plaintiff for a small fee. Using this service is much easier than printing and delivering the copies yourself. It works very well!

What is SoloSuit?

SoloSuit makes it easy to fight debt collectors.

You can use SoloSuit to respond to a debt lawsuit, to send letters to collectors, and even to settle a debt.

SoloSuit's Answer service is a step-by-step web-app that asks you all the necessary questions to complete your Answer. Upon completion, we'll have an attorney review your document and we'll file it for you.

>>Read the FastCompany article: Debt Lawsuits Are Complicated: This Website Makes Them Simpler To Navigate

>>Read the NPR story on SoloSuit. (We can help you in all 50 states.)

How to answer a summons for debt collection in your state

Here's a list of guides for other states.

All 50 states.

• Alabama
• Alaska
• Arizona
• Arkansas
• California
• Colorado
• Connecticut
• Delaware
• Florida
• Georgia
• Hawaii
• Idaho
• Illinois
• Indiana
• Iowa
• Kansas
• Kentucky
• Louisiana
• Maine
• Maryland
• Massachusetts
• Michigan
• Minnesota
• Mississippi
• Missouri
• Montana
• Nebraska
• Nevada
• New Hampshire
• New Jersey
• New Mexico
• New York
• North Carolina
• North Dakota
• Ohio
• Oklahoma
• Oregon
• Pennsylvania
• Rhode Island
• South Carolina
• South Dakota
• Tennessee
• Texas
• Utah
• Vermont
• Virginia
• Washington
• West Virginia
• Wisconsin
• Wyoming

Guides on how to beat every debt collector

Being sued by a different debt collector? Were making guides on how to beat each one.

• Absolute Resolutions Investments LLC
• Accredited Collection Services
• Alliance One
• Amcol Clmbia
• American Recovery Service
• Asset Acceptance LLC
• Asset Recovery Solutions
• Associated Credit Services
• Autovest LLC
• Cach LLC
• Cavalry SPV I LLC
• Cerastes LLC
• Colinfobur
• Covington Credit
• Crown Asset Management
• CTC Debt Collector
• Cypress Financial Recoveries
• Delanor Kemper & Associates
• Eagle Loan of Ohio
• Educap
• Estate Information Services
• FIA Card Services
• Forster & Garbus
• Freshview Solutions
• Fulton Friedman & Gullace LLP
• Harvest Credit Management
• Howard Lee Schiff
• Hudson & Keyse LLC
• Integras Capital Recovery LLC
• Javitch Block
• Jefferson Capital Systems LLC
• LVNV Funding
• Mannbracken
• Mariner Finance
• Medicredit
• Michael J Adams PC
• Michael J Scott
• Midland Funding LLC
• Mullooly, Jeffrey, Rooney & Flynn
• Mountain Land Collections
• MRS Associates
• National Collegiate Trust
• Nationstar Foreclosure
• Northstar Capital Acquisition
• NCEP LLC
• NRC Collection Agency
• OneMain Financial
• Palisades Collection LLC
• Pallida LLC
• Paragon Revenue Group
• Pinnacle Collections Agency
• PMAB LLC
• Portfolio Recovery Associates
• Provest Law
• PYOD LLC
• Reunion Student Loan Finance Corporation
• Revenue Group
• Regents and Associates
• RSIEH
• Salander Enterprises LLC
• Second Round Sub LLC
• Security Credit Services
• Sherman Financial Group
• Suttell and Hammer
• T-Mobile
• Transworld Systems
• Tulsa Teachers Credit Union
• UCB Collection
• Velo Law Office
• Velocity Investments
• Waypoint Resource Group
• Weinberg and Associates
• Wolpoff & Abramson

Win against credit card companies

Is your credit card company suing you? Learn how you can beat each one.

• Bank of America
• Capital One
• Chase
• Credit One Bank
• PayPal Synchrony Card
• SYNCB/PPEXTR
• Synchrony Bank
• Target National Bank
• Wells Fargo

Going to Court for Credit Card Debt — Key Tips

How to Negotiate Credit Card Debts

How to Settle a Credit Card Debt Lawsuit — Ultimate Guide

Get answers to these FAQs

Need more info on statutes of limitations? Read our 50-state guide.

Why do debt collectors block their phone numbers?

How long do debt collectors take to respond to debt validation letters?

What are the biggest debt collector companies in the US?

Is Zombie Debt Still a Problem in 2019?

SoloSuit FAQ

If a car is repossessed, do I still owe the debt?

Is Portfolio Recovery Associates Legit?

Is There a Judgment Against Me Without my Knowledge?

Should I File Bankruptcy Before or After a Judgment?

What is a default judgment?— What do I do?

Summoned to Court for Medical Bills — What Do I Do?

What Happens If Someone Sues You and You Have No Money?

What Happens If You Never Answer Debt Collectors?

What Happens When a Debt Is Sold to a Collection Agency

What is a Stipulated Judgment?

What is the Deadline for a Defendants Answer to Avoid a Default Judgment?

Can a Judgement Creditor Take my Car?

Can I Settle a Debt After Being Served?

Can I Stop Wage Garnishment?

Can You Appeal a Default Judgement?

Do I Need a Debt Collection Defense Attorney?

Do I Need a Payday Loans Lawyer?

Do student loans go away after 7 years? — Student Loan Debt Guide

Am I Responsible for My Spouses Medical Debt?

Should I Marry Someone With Debt?

Can a Debt Collector Leave a Voicemail?

How Does Debt Assignment Work?

What Happens If a Defendant Does Not Pay a Judgment?

How Does Debt Assignment Work?

Can You Serve Someone with a Collections Lawsuit at Their Work?

What Is a Warrant in Debt?

How Many Times Can a Judgment be Renewed in Oklahoma?

Can an Eviction Be Reversed?

Does Debt Consolidation Have Risks?

What Happens If You Avoid Getting Served Court Papers?

Does Student Debt Die With You?

Can Debt Collectors Call You at Work in Texas?

How Much Do You Have to Be in Debt to File for Chapter 7?

What Is the Statute of Limitations on Debt in Washington?

How Long Does a Judgment Last?

Can Private Disability Payments Be Garnished?

Can Debt Collectors Call From Local Numbers?

Does the Fair Credit Reporting Act Work in Florida?

The Truth: Should You Never Pay a Debt Collection Agency?

Should You Communicate with a Debt Collector in Writing or by Telephone?

Do I Need a Debt Negotiator?

What Happens After a Motion for Default Is Filed?

Can a Process Server Leave a Summons Taped to My Door?

Learn More With These Additional Resources:

Need help managing your finances? Check out these resources.

How to Make a Debt Validation Letter - The Ultimate Guide

How to Make a Motion to Compel Arbitration Without an Attorney

How to Stop Wage Garnishment — Everything You Need to Know

How to File an FDCPA Complaint Against Your Debt Collector (Ultimate Guide)

Defending Yourself in Court Against a Debt Collector

Tips on you can to file an FDCPA lawsuit against a debt collection agency

Advice on how to answer a summons for debt collection.

Effective strategies for how to get back on track after a debt lawsuit

New Hampshire Statute of Limitations on Debt

Sample Cease and Desist Letter Against Debt Collectors

The Ultimate Guide to Responding to a Debt Collection Lawsuit in Utah

West Virginia Statute of Limitations on Debt

What debt collectors cannot do — FDCPA explained

Defending Yourself in Court Against Debt Collector

How to Liquidate Debt

Arkansas Statute of Limitations on Debt

Youre Drowning in Debt — Heres How to Swim

Help! Im Being Sued by My Debt Collector

How to Make a Motion to Vacate Judgment

How to Answer Summons for Debt Collection in Vermont

North Dakota Statute of Limitations on Debt

ClearPoint Debt Management Review

Indiana Statute of Limitations on Debt

Oregon Eviction Laws - What They Say

CuraDebt Debt Settlement Review

How to Write a Re-Aging Debt Letter

How to Appear in Court by Phone

How to Use the Doctrine of Unclean Hands

Debt Consolidation in Eugene, Oregon

Summoned to Court for Medical Bills? What to Do Next

How to Make a Debt Settlement Agreement

Received a 3-Day Eviction Notice? Heres What to Do

How to Answer a Lawsuit for Debt Collection

Tips for Leaving the Country With Unpaid Credit Card Debt

Kansas Statute of Limitations on Debt Collection

How to File in Small Claims Court in Iowa

How to File a Civil Answer in Kings County Supreme Court

Roseland Associates Debt Consolidation Review

How to Stop a Garnishment

Debt Eraser Review

Do Debt Collectors Ever Give Up?

Can They Garnish Your Wages for Credit Card Debt?

How Often Do Credit Card Companies Sue for Non-Payment?

How Long Does a Judgement Last?

​​How Long Before a Creditor Can Garnish Wages?

How to Beat a Bill Collector in Court